Moussalli ceased his activities in 1956, although it is unknown if that was the year he died. The other preparations included Laboradium, Microradium, Radiobust, Radiofluide, Radioskin, Radium Cure, and Radiviril. During the period 1927–1934, he patented 101 preparations based on radium or radioactive substances, but only Tho-Radia and Crème Radio-Thorium used a formula devised by Alfred Curie. This doctor of pharmacy, who had been born in Cairo, Egypt, in 1894, submitted his thesis to the University of Nancy on the subject of “le bacille pyocyanique et les bacilles de la dysenterie” 23. It is probable that the commercial mastermind behind Tho-Radia was Alexis Moussalli.
The Tho-Radia patent (“marque”) was registered by the Tribunal de Commerce de la Seine on November 29, 1932. For the face cream, the radioactivity consisted of 0.5 g thorium chloride and 0.25 mg radium bromide per 100 g of cream. Whether it was really Alfred Curie-or an Egyptian pharmacist, Alexis Moussalli-who invented the formula is not known, but nevertheless a formula for Tho-Radia did actually exist 21.
He was born in 1973 and died in Paris in 1940 21. Afterwards, he seems to have been in general practice, having set up a private clinic. He was traced through annual copies of Le Guide Rosenwald, which lists all French doctors and which shows that, in 1912, he was an internist at L’Hôpital de Clichy. However, it now transpires that, although the mysterious Alfred was not related to Pierre Curie, he nevertheless existed 21, and in 1911, for his doctorate in medicine from the University of Paris, he submitted a thesis titled Treatment of Spina Bifida 22. ” 19 Rain was heavy at the time, and it was assumed that Pierre’s sight was obscured by his umbrella and that he saw too late the heavy wagon approaching him.Īdvertisement for Tho-Radia face cream and powder.įor many years, even the director of the Musée Curie in Paris assumed that he was “un médecin qui n’a jamais existé!” 20 And all radium historians until 2003 also considered that he was a mythical person used only for the promotion of beauty products in the 1920s (Huchette N, Musée Curie. A ce moment arrivait du Pont-Neuf un camion attelé de deux chevaux et chargé d’équipements militaires, conduit par le charretier Louis Manin. Curie traversait la rue Dauphine, près du Pont-Neuf, à deux heures et demie, se tenant derrière un flacre. Pierre CURIE, le savant qui découvrit le radium, a été écrasé dans la rue et tué net par un camion. Pierre’s death was reported on April 20, 1906, in the French newspaper Le Matin. Son Daniel published with his father 17, 18. He spent 12 months on the front line before 1917, mostly near Verdun, but he survived the war. Starting in 1913, Maurice Curie 14 – 17 worked for a year with Marie Curie in the Laboratoire Curie in the rue Cuvier, and throughout World War I, he corresponded with her. In 1965, Henri Labouisse received the Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of unicef. In 1935, Irène and Frédéric were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1911, Marie was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1903, Pierre and Marie, with Henri Becquerel, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Hélène is a nuclear physicist, and Pierre, a biochemist. In the Curie family tree shown in Figure 2, only Eve Curie was not a scientist however, she was the author of the first biography of Marie Curie 13. Paul established himself as a physician in England working at the London Homeopathic Infirmary 8 – 12 having previously worked as a surgeon in the Military Hospital of Paris ( Figure 1). Of the first three generations in the family, only Eugène Curie never published. The laboratory remained on that site until 1914, when the Institut du Radium was built in rue Pierre Curie. Later, at 12 rue Cuvier, the Laboratoire Curie was established by the Sorbonne in 1904. It was also in a house in the rue Cuvier, number 16, that Pierre Curie was born. Eugène was brought up in Paris and studied natural sciences and medicine at the Musée d’Histoire naturelle at 47 rue Cuvier where, later, Henri Becquerel was to be professor of physics and to discover radioactivity.
Pierre Curie’s grandfather, Paul Étienne François Gustave, and father, Eugène, were physicians. The Curie family originated from Mulhouse in Alsace before the German annexation of Alsace and Lorraine at the end of the nineteenth century.
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